NAPSNet Daily Report
 
tuesday, september 12, 2000
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CONTENTS

I. United States

II. Republic of Korea III. People's Republic of China
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I. United States


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1. DPRK Visit to ROK

The Associated Press (Paul Shin, "N. KOREAN ENVOY ARRIVES IN SEOUL," Seoul, 9/11/00) reported that a special DPRK emissary began a visit to the ROK on September 11, expressing hope that his trip would help thaw relations. Kim Yong-sun, heading a delegation of eight, said, "I've come to Seoul with a strong yearning of our people for unification. I hope our delegation's visit will create a new, big momentum for national unification." ROK officials attach great significance to Kim's visit. He heads the Asia-Pacific Peace Committee, a semiofficial organization that handles the DPRK's policy with the ROK and other nations that have no formal ties with the country. He also serves as a close adviser to Kim Jong-il and was the only DPRK official who sat in on the June summit with the two leaders. While in the ROK, Kim Yong-sun was expected to pay a courtesy call to ROK President Kim Dae-jung, visit several cultural sites and inspect some industrial facilities.


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2. DPRK Visit to UN

The Associated Press (Barry Schweid, "N.KOREA MINISTER CANCELS UN VISIT," New York, 9/11/00) reported that a senior US official said on September 11 that DPRK foreign minister Paek Nam-sun canceled his attendance at the UN General Assembly, putting off expected talks with US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright. The official said that Paek's cancellation was not aimed at slowing an improving relationship with the US. US officials also confirmed that the DPRK has withdrawn its objection to keeping US troops in the ROK. The US official said the DPRK gave no reason for the cancellation in notifying the US of Paek's change in plans. In other matters, the ROK and the DRPK agreed on September 10 to march together behind a unification flag at the opening ceremonies of the 2000 Olympic Games in Sydney, Australia on September 15.


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3. US-Japan-ROK Policy Coordination

Agence France Presse ("US, JAPAN STILL GIRDING FOR THREATS FROM PYONGYANG DESPITE KOREAN THAW," New York, 9/12/00) reported that despite the thaw between the ROK and the DPRK, the foreign and defense ministers of the US and Japan said on September 11 that their countries would continue to gird their defenses to guard against possible threats from the DPRK. US Defense Secretary William Cohen said, "While we are encouraged, we will still look with great care and take prudent measures to protect our security interests." Cohen, speaking to reporters at a joint news conference with US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright and Japanese Foreign Minister Yohei Kono and Defense Minister Kazuo Torashima, welcomed the DPRK's move away from isolation and improving ties with the ROK, but said that more needed to be done. He said, "We see some encouraging signs, but these are just first steps and we need to see much more in the way of a substantive commitment to improve the relationship with the south and see whether the North Korean government is willing to become more fully integrated into the international community." Kono agreed and said the recent reported offer made by DPRK leader Kim Jong-il to abandon DPRK's ballistic missile program in exchange for commercial satellite launches by other countries had still to be verified. Kono said, "Japan has not been able to ascertain whether that reflects the genuine feeling on the part of the North Koreans. And since we cannot ascertain that information as a genuine policy of theirs, we cannot carry our policy any further than where we are today." Torashima went further, noting Japan's belief that the DPRK has deployed missiles capable of reaching all of Japan's territory. Torashima said, "We do not really see any change as of this moment in the military situation on the Korean peninsula." Albright said, "We're committed to exploring ways to encourage North Korea's emergence from its long period of isolation while addressing the concerns of the international community about its nuclear and long-range missile programs."


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4. ROK View of US Policy

New York Times (Jane Perlez, "SOUTH KOREAN SAYS NORTH AGREES U.S. TROOPS SHOULD STAY," 9/11/00) reported that during ROK President Kim Dae-jung's visit to the US during the UN Millennium Summit, he met privately with US President Bill Clinton, answered questions from US Democratic and Republican experts who are advising the two presidential candidates on Asia, and delivered a speech at a Korea Society event. Kim said he was encouraged that US Republican and Democratic experts supported the continued presence of US troops on the peninsula. Overall, he said it was impossible to predict the speed and substance of what would happen. However, he said, one important step toward better US-DPRK relations would be looking seriously at the suggestion by Kim Jong-il that the DRPK is willing to curb its missile program in exchange for financing to launch satellites. Kim said that he had spoken to Clinton in their meeting this week about the possibility of a satellites-for-missiles deal. He said that he believed that the DPRK suggestion would "serve as the basis" for the ongoing negotiations between the DPRK and the US on DPRK's missile program. Regarding the financing of the satellite launchings, Kim said it was not clear to him whether the DPRK was seeking assistance from the US or from multilateral sources. Kim also said that DPRK leader Kim Jong-il might visit Seoul as early as this fall, but more likely next spring. In other matters, US Secretary of State Madeleine K. Albright announced on September 8 that the DPRK had accepted the apologies to the American Airlines search incident and that the DPRK foreign minister, Paek Nam-sun, would be coming to the United Nations this week. However, he will arrive after Kim Dae-jung leaves New York. [Ed. note: This article was included in the US Department of Defense's Early Bird news service for September 11, 2000.]


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5. US Troops in ROK

Reuters ("SEOUL ASKS FAST ACCORD WITH U.S. ON PACT, URGES NORTH REACH OUT," Seoul, 9/10/00) and the Korea Herald (Chon Shi-yong, "PRESIDENT CALLS ON U.S. TO RESOLVE NOGUN-RI, SOFA CONTROVERSIES," New York, 9/10/00) reported that ROK President Kim Dae-jung said that he wants the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) governing US troops in the ROK to be revised quickly and reasonably. Kim said in a dinner speech on September 8 at the Korea Society in New York, "There is frustration and criticism over the slow progress in the work of revising the Korea-U.S. Status of Forces Agreement. The call is that it should be brought up to be a par with the agreements the United States has with Germany and Japan. I believe this is reasonable." Kim said that the SOFA issue, the reported killing of Korean civilians by US troops during the Korean War, and the US military's recent release of toxic chemicals into a Seoul river would increasingly undermine the friendship of the two nations. He added, "What I fear is that if the problems are left to fester, they could be exploited by the very few who are against the United States to expand their influence." Kim also urged the DPRK to improve relations with the US and Japan. He said, "As I see it, North Korea's biggest concerns are security and economic recovery. On both accounts, better ties with the United States and Japan, in particular with the United States, are absolutely necessary." He said the ROK would help if the DPRK actively sought improved ties with the US and would improve inter-Korean relations gradually, rather than take radical steps to see a speedy unification. Kim added, "Our goal is not early unification. At the present stage, the goal is peaceful coexistence and peaceful exchanges. [Ed. note: Both articles were included in the US Department of Defense's Early Bird news service for September 11, 2000.]


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6. US Troops in Japan

The Baltimore Sun ("JAPAN'S FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO U.S. TROOPS EXTENDED," New York, 9/12/00) reported that US Secretary of State Madeleine K. Albright and Japanese Foreign Minister Yohei Kono signed an agreement on September 11 extending for five years Japan's financial support for US troops based in Japan. The agreement would have Japan contribute US$1.5 billion for their upkeep. About US$3 billion more is provided indirectly through Japanese tax benefits and the construction of troop facilities. [Ed. note: This article was included in the US Department of Defense's Early Bird news service for September 12, 2000.]


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7. PRC Ship Incursions in Japan

Agence France Presse ("JAPAN CALLS IN CHINESE AMBASSADOR OVER SPY SHIP," Tokyo, 9/11/00) reported that Japan's government said on September 11 that it had called in the PRC ambassador to Japan, Chen Jian, to complain about a spy ship operating in its waters. A Japanese foreign ministry official said that the PRC research vessel Haijian 49 was spotted September 5 off the southern island of Amami Oshima within Japan's 200-nautical-mile exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and remained until September 7. Prime Minister Yoshiro Mori's deputy press secretary, Kazuhiko Koshikawa, said that Japanese Vice Foreign Minister Yutaka Kawashima called in Chen to express regret over the incident. Koshikawa said, "We are very much disappointed. This happened immediately after the Chinese and Japanese foreign ministers agreed to establish a so-called framework in which the Chinese give prior notice when they want to make such research activity within the EEZ on the Japanese side." He added that Chen replied that it was a one-time accident


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8. PRC Military Capabilities

The Washington Times (Bill Gertz, "BEIJING BOOSTS ITS CAPABILITY TO ATTACK," 9/12/00) reported that a recent report written by Al Santoli, an author and military historian who is a national security aide to US Representative Dana Rohrabacher, said that the PRC is increasing its capacity for joint air, land, and sea operations while developing a computer warfare capacity and hardening its communications against monitoring. The report said, "The PLA's (People's Liberation Army) modernization and joint war fighting capabilities are developing at a rate far ahead of the Pentagon's previous predictions." Santoli's report was based on a two-week fact-finding visit he made to Taiwan and Southeast Asia. He was briefed by senior US defense and intelligence officials in Taiwan and Thailand. He reported that recent PRC military exercises opposite Taiwan demonstrated new high-technology fighting skills during joint warfare and communications maneuvers. Santoli said that in particular, the PRC recently launched a new military satellite to improve its joint warfare capabilities and is integrating Western technology into its military, including telecommunications equipment purchased from the US. During a presentation of the report on September 11, Santoli said that the most dramatic improvements in the PRC's military appear in its joint warfighting and in its information warfare capabilities, meaning the capacity to initiate electronic and computer attacks on enemy computers and to penetrate and destabilize enemy information systems. The report said, "Taiwan's senior military intelligence analysts observe that in current large-scale exercises, the PLA is showing surprising rapid advances in joint maneuvers between naval, air force, marine infantry, paratroop, armored and missile units." The report also said that the PRC warfare tactics calls for "paralyzing the high-tech strength of the United States and [its] allies through attacks on military, economic and governmental computerized information systems." The report called for increasing cooperation between the US and Taiwanese militaries, and expanding intelligence sharing with Taiwan. It also called for bolstering Taiwan's defenses with Aegis-equipped warships and early warning radar and upgrading Taiwan's air forces. [Ed. note: This article was included in the US Department of Defense's Early Bird news service for September 12, 2000.]


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9. Taiwan View of US-PRC Relations

BBC Monitoring (Taiwanese Central News Agency, "CLOSER U.S.-CHINA TIES SOURCE OF WORRY FOR TAIWAN," Taipei, 9/11/00) reported that Jason Hu, Taiwan's Kuomintang party spokesman and a former Taiwanese chief representative in the US, said on September 11 that closer relations between the US and the PRC are a source of worry for Taiwan. Hu urged members of the ROC diplomatic corps to be extra careful in watching for any enhancements in Sino-US ties that could further jeopardize Taiwan's international position and its relations with the US. Hu made the remarks after he met with Lee Ying-yuan, Taiwan's Democratic Progressive Party legislator, who has been named Taiwan's deputy chief representative in the US. Hu that said Taiwanese diplomatic workers should try their utmost to prevent closer relations between the US and the PRC, stressing that US President Bill Clinton is likely to give a "parting favor" to the PRC before his term of office comes to an end. Moreover, he added, officials from the PRC and the US have never ceased to talk with one another. However, Hu said that Taiwan will not necessarily lose out to the PRC in the US diplomatic battlefield, as the Chen administration is now sending "strong hands" to the US to serve as leading liaison officers there.


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10. US-PRC Missile Talks

Agence France Presse ("U.S. TEAM TO CHINA THIS WEEK FOR MISSILE NON-PROLIFERATION TALKS," New York, 9/11/00) reported that a senior State Department official said on September 11 that US Assistant Secretary of State for Nonproliferation Robert Einhorn and Darryl Johnson, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for East Asia and the Pacific, are to hold talks in Beijing as part of continuing US efforts to stem the export of PRC missile technology. The official said that the US believed it was making progress on the issue. The official said, "We do feel we are making some progress in terms of non-proliferation understandings with the Chinese. We have experts going out to Beijing this week and the ministers promised to stay in touch."


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11. PRC-Russian Relations

Agence France Presse ("CHINA'S LI PENG HAILS STRONG SINO-RUSSIAN RELATIONS," Moscow, 9/12/00) reported that PRC parliamentary leader Li Peng on Tuesday praised the strong ties between the PRC and Russia after meeting with the speakers of Russia's two houses of parliament. During the talks between Li and the speaker of the Federation Council upper house of parliament Yegor Stroyev, the two sides signed an accord on cooperation between the parliaments. A top PRC official said that the agreement "will help to strengthen not only parliamentary links but the relationship between our two countries. There are very good prospects for Chinese-Russian ties."


II. Republic of Korea


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1. Joint Control of DMZ

The Korea Herald (Kang Seok-jae, "MILITARY TALKING WITH UNC ON JOINT DMZ CONTROL FOR INTER- KOREAN WORKS," 9/10/00) reported that a ranking ROK military official said on September 9 that negotiations are under way with the United Nations Command (UNC) on the joint control and management of areas in the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) between the two Koreas where the planned inter-Korean railway and highway projects will be carried out. The official said that under the plan, the two sides would set up a joint control and management area inside the DMZ where the cross-border railroad and highway will be built. He said that the joint area could have functions similar to those of the Joint Security Area at the truce village of Panmunjom. In addition, he said, the two sides are also negotiating a plan not to establish any facilities like railroad stations inside the DMZ. The official said, "We are now negotiating with the UNC on various plans in compliance with the 1953 Armistice Agreement." [Ed. note: This article was included in the US Department of Defense's Early Bird news service for September 11, 2000.]


III. People's Republic of China


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1. PRC View of DPRK-ROK Relations

Contemporary Asia-Pacific Studies (Piao Jianyi, "DPRK-ROK SUMMIT MEETING AND SITUATION IN KOREAN PENINSULAR," No.7, 2000) published an article on the implications of the inter-Korean summit. The writer said that the first Summit after more than 50 years of confrontation is the product of the need in both sides to adjust themselves to the changing international strategic patterns. However, Piao pointed out that there are still many problems waiting to be solved to achieve real reconciliation, cooperation and peaceful unification. He said that the ROK and the DPRK should overcome quite a number of divergences and difficulties, such as different definitions of the "independent principle" to achieve unification, the unification scheme (one country vs. two countries), the ROK's law on the DPRK POWs who refused to abandon their Communist ideology, and the DPRK's relevant economic laws. Piao also wrote that the misperceptions caused by half a century of separation can not be eliminated overnight. In the ROK, opposition parties can use this issue as a tool to attack the ruling party. Piao noted that it is an interactive relationship between the DPRK, ROK and other relevant powers. He added that the determinant factor to the situation on the Korean Peninsula has shifted from DPRK-US relations to DPRK-ROK relations. He wrote that the ROK can play a dominant role in the unification process by establishing a governmental dialogue regime with DPRK and making full use of its alliances relationship with the US, which will inevitably prevent the US and Japan from taking excessive intervention in Korean affairs. For the DPRK, it is mostly likely that it will strive to cope with relations with the ROK, the US, and Japan with a bundling strategy.


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2. DPRK Envoy's Visit to ROK

People's Daily (Wang Linchang, "DPRK ENVOY WILL VISIT ROK," Seoul, 09/11/00, P6) reported that the ROK Presidential Office said on September 10 that Kim Yong-sun, secretary of the Workers' Party of the DPRK, would visit Seoul from September 11-14 as a special envoy of Kim Jong-il, the DPRK Chairman of the National Defense Commission. Sources said that Kim Yong-sun's 10-person delegation would arrive in Seoul on September 11. During his four-day visit in the ROK, Kim was to meet ROK President Kim Dae-jung and hold talks on DPRK-ROK relations with other officials.


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3. DPRK Response to US Apology

People's Daily (Li Zhengyu, "DPRK'S RESPONSE TO U.S. APOLOGY," Pyongyang, 09/11/00, P6) reported that a spokesperson of DPRK Ministry of Foreign Affairs said that the DPRK has noted the official US apology for the obstruction to Kim Yong-nam's participation in the UN Millennium Summit. The spokesperson said that US actions in the Frankfurt Airport had undermined severely the DPRK's sovereignty. He warned that the US should be responsible for this incident. He stressed that the DPRK will pay close attention to further US actions.


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4. PRC's View of UNSC

China Daily (Shao Zongwei, "UN URGED TO HELP ALL NATIONS DEVELOP," 09/08/00, P1) reported that when speaking at a summit of the fifteen member states of the UN Security Council (UNSC), a side event of the three-day UN Millennium Summit in New York, PRC President Jiang Zemin said that it has become a "pressing task" to enable the UN to effectively maintain international peace and security and create a favorable environment for the development of all countries currently facing unprecedented challenges and complex problems. Jiang said that in order to dissolve contradictions and conflicts effectively and achieve a lasting peace and common security, the purposes and principles of the UN Charter must be strictly followed. He warned that the willful use of force and interference in the internal affairs of other countries in the name of "humanitarianism" not only runs counter to the principles of the UN Charter, but also will lead to severe consequences. He added, "And disputes, if any, must be settled through dialogue, negotiation and consultation." He suggested giving the UNSC continued authority to handle international disputes and recommended that more developing nations be allowed to join. Jiang said the UNSC has a "primary" role in maintaining peace and security in the world and that "it is against the will of many member states for any country to bypass the Security Council and do what it wishes on major issues concerning world peace and security." Jiang's views were echoed by the participants of the summit, who on September 14, passed a resolution and declaration stressing the UNSC's obligation to maintain international peace and security in the world. Jiang added that it is necessary to maintain the UNSC's authority to improve its efficiency. He said, "The reform of the Security Council can stand the test of history only when it fully reflects the will of the majority of member states."


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5. Russia's Military Reductions

People's Daily (Sun Zhanlin, "RUSSIA WILL DISARM SIGNIFICANTLY," Moscow, 09/11/00, P6) reported that the Russian Defense Minister declared on September 8 that Russia is planning to reduce 350,000 troops from its force from 2001 to 2003. He said that the decision of arms reduction has been made, and the current work is to lay down detailed operating measures and rules. According to authoritative sources in the military, among the 350,000 people, 180,000 are from the Army, over 50,000 from the Navy and 40,000 from the air force. Strategic rocket troops, logistics and auxiliary staff are also said to be reduced.


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6. Japan-Russian Relations

China Daily ("JAPAN, RUSSIA TO KEEP TALKING," Tokyo, 09/06/00, P12) reported that on September 5, Russia and Japan agreed to keep trying to resolve their territorial dispute, but hopes of signing a peace treaty this year are gone. Japanese Prime Minister Yoshiro Mori and Russian President Vladimir Putin stressed that overall, their relationship was at its warmest for more than 50 years. Mori said, "We agree to keep discussing (the dispute) in order to sign a peace treaty once the issue of the ownership of the four northern islands is solved." Putin signaled that the deadline, agreed by the two nations in 1997 to try to complete a pact this year, was quietly dropped. However, he declined to say when an agreement might be sealed. He said, "My view is that what is important is not a deadline, but for both sides to have the good will to resolve this difficult problem. It is true we have not succeeded in concluding a peace treaty, but I consider it is very important and positive that our two countries accept that a problem exists. We will continue the dialogue." According to political analysts, despite the deadlock, this week's talks will likely help keep the rapprochement between the two nations on track. The PRC's official Xinhua News Agency quoted Boris Makarenko of the Moscow-based Center for Political Technologies as saying that "the climate is improving, there is more cooperation and openness."


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7. Taiwan's UN Attempt

Jiefang Daily ("TAIWAN'S UN ATTEMPT FAILS AGAIN," United Nations, 09/09/00, P7) reported that the General Committee of the UN General Assembly decided on September 7 not to consider letting Taiwan participate in the UN at its 55th General Assembly session. It was the eighth consecutive year that the General Assembly turned down the request by a small group of countries, mostly in Africa and Latin America, foiling Taiwan's attempt to return to the UN. The majority of representatives from some 70 countries, including the US, UK, France and Russia, stated opposition to the proposal and reiterated their countries' position on the one-China principle.


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8. Cross-Straits Relations

China Daily (Shao Zongwei, "PRESIDENT: ONE CHINA INEVITABLE," New York, 09/07/00, P1) reported that PRC President Jiang Zemin has reiterated the PRC's belief that reunification cannot be stopped by anybody. Jiang said this on September 5 during meetings with Cuban President Fidel Castro, Jordanian King Abdullah II Bin Hussein, and Ukrainian President Leonid D. Kuchma, who were in New York to attend the UN Millennium Summit. According to a PRC Foreign Ministry spokesperson, Jiang said that the PRC Central Government has "the greatest sincerity" in its attempts to reach peaceful reunification. He said that the PRC has "the firm determination" and make the "necessary preparations" for frustrating any separatist attempts and maintaining the PRC's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Ukrainian President Kuchma was quoted by the PRC Foreign Ministry spokesperson as saying that his government would continue to adhere to the one-China policy and would not develop official ties with Taiwan. Kuchma also said that the resolution of the Taiwan question would help the stability of Asia and world peace.

China Daily (Hu Qihua, "NO WTO FOR TAIWAN UNLESS AS PART OF CHINA," 09/08/00, P1) reported that the PRC on September 7 reiterated its stance that Taiwan should join the World Trade Organization (WTO) only as a separate customs territory of the PRC. PRC Foreign Ministry spokesperson Sun Yuxi said at a press conference that PRC government has not changed its stance. The PRC maintains that after the mainland and Taiwan join the WTO, the two sides should further strengthen exchanges. Taiwan should particularly implement direct trade, transportation and postal links with the mainland. The PRC holds that the mainland should join the WTO before Taiwan and that all talks between the two sides should be based on the one-China principle. He said, "We oppose Taiwan authorities attempts to create 'two Chinas' or 'one China, one Taiwan' in multilateral and bilateral areas by taking advantage of the WTO."

China Daily (Hu Qihua, "TAIWAN LEADER CRITICIZED FOR SPLITTIST STANCE," 09/06/00, P1) reported that a PRC State Council official criticized Taiwan's new leader Chen Shui-bian, saying that his performance in the 100 days since he took up his position has exposed his true pro-independence stand. Zhang Mingqing from the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council was quoted as saying at a press conference held by the Taiwan Affairs Office, "The essence of his (Chen Shui-bian's) recent comments that unification is not the only option for Taiwan and that Taiwan is an independent sovereign state, is to adhere to separatist activities. This is a very dangerous and should ring alarm bells among all Chinese people, Taiwan compatriots included. Chen does not follow the reunification way and has continued with pro-independence activities during the 100 days since he took up the position." He described Chen as "being apt to change" and said that the PRC will continue to "listen to what he says and watch what he does." Commenting on the PRC Government's policy on cross-Straits relations, Zhang said that the PRC will do its best to achieve a peaceful reunification, but also has the determination and necessary preparation to prevent the splitting up of the motherland and the plotting for "Taiwan independence." He said that the two sides could negotiate on any matter relating to the one-China principle. In responding to the suggestion raised by some people in Taiwan to establish a provisional government of "the Republic of Taiwan," Zhang said that it is a farce and firmly opposed by all Chinese people, including those in Taiwan. Zhang said he had noticed that Tawian's New Party identified with the one-China principle and has opposed any form of "Taiwan independence." He also said there would be no contact or dialogue with the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) if it does not confirm its belief in a one-China policy.


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